"Desire" - kala duwanaansho baradho ah ee xulashada Dutch-ka. Si gaar ah loogu talagalay beeraha, digriiga ayaa ku fiican inay iibiyaan ama soo saaraan cunto degdeg ah.
Cuntada waa mid sarreeya, kala duwanaanta ayaa si aad ah ugu jawaabta dharka iyo diiranaanta. Beeridda lagama maarmaanka ah ee gobollada koonfurta.
Akhri wax dheeraad ah oo ku saabsan sharaxaada kala duwan, sifooyinka, astaamaha beerashada, u nugulaanta cudurada iyo weerarka cayayaanka ee maqaalkeena.
Baradhada "Desire": sharaxaadda kala duwan, sawir
| Magaca dugsiga | Rabo |
| Sifooyinka guud | Iskudhafka barafka dhexe ee xilliga dhexe ah oo leh waxyaabo nuurad ah |
| Wakhtiga uurka | 80-95 maalmood |
| Mawduucyada Starching | 13,5-21,5% |
| Dad badan oo digriiga ganacsiga ah | 50-100 g |
| Tirada digriiga duurka | 18-20 |
| Yield | 130-380 c / ha |
| Tayada macaamilka | dhadhanka wanaagsan, jidhku ma madoobaado marka la jarjaray, ku habboon dubista, baradhada la shiiday, dhejis iyo shiilan |
| Soo kabashada | 95% |
| Midabka maqaarka | casaanka |
| Midab daruuf | iftiin huruud ah |
| Gobollada la doorbido | Waddanka dhexe |
| Cadaadiska cudurada | adkaysi u leh kansarka baruurta iyo cudurrada viral, oo ay saameeyeen nynotiinka dahabka, fomozom iyo qolof |
| Noocyada sii kordhaya | Kala duwan ma u dulqaadan karo fadhiisinta, waxay si fiican uga jawaabtaa bacarimiso iyo waraabinta, abaarta u adkaysata |
| Asalka | HZPC HOLLAND B.V (Netherlands) |
- digriiga dhexdhexaadka ah, oo culeyskiisu yahay 100 g;
- qaabka oval;
- digriiga waa kuwo siman, nadiif ah, isku dhafan;
- diirka waa casaan, siman midab leh, cufan;
- indhaha waa mid aad u muuqda, gacmo yar, dhowr;
- qashirta qashinka ah ee gooyaa waa huruud cad;
- Noloshu waxay kala duwan tahay min 13.5 ilaa 21.5%;
- maadada sare ee borotiinka, cusbada macdanta, amino acids, carotene.
Si loo barbardhigo astaamaha rabitaanka ee leh noocyo kale oo baradho ah, fiiri jadwalka hoos ku xusan:
| Magaca dugsiga | Mawduucyada Starching | Soo kabashada |
| Rabo | 13,5-21,5% | 95% |
| Furan | 14-16% | 95% |
| Santana | 13-17% | 92% |
| Nevsky | 10-12% | wanaagsan, laakiin digriiga horey u jaraan |
| Ramos | 13-16% | 97% |
| Taisiya | 13-16% | 96% (digriiga waxay leeyihiin nasasho dheer) |
| Lapot | 13-16% | 94% |
| Rodrigo | 12-15% | 95% (ma ahan mid macquul ah in lagu keydiyo) |
Sawir
Sawirro muuqaal ah oo baradho ah "Desire" ayaa lagu soo bandhigay hoos:
Astaamaha
"Iskuduwaha" kala duwan, halkii baradhada ballaadhani waxa iska leh miisaska xilli-ciyaareedka dhexdiisa iyo wuxuu leeyahay sifooyin gaar ah. Digriiga ugu horeeya waxaa lagu qodi karaa bartamaha xagaaga, laakiin goosashada ugu weyn ee soo gasha qeybta labaad ee Sebtembar. Digriiga waa la beeray markii ciidda si buuxda loo diiriyo, miraha guga ayaa si xun u saameeya dhalidda.
Bush qiyaas dhexdhexaad ah, kobcinta dhexdhexaad ah. Habdhiska cagaaran waa dhexdhexaad. Caleemaha waa caajis, cagaar mugdi ah, dhexdhexaad ah, wax yareynaya. Ubaxyo casaan-guduud ah ayaa lagu soo ururiyaa corolla is haysta, dhowr berry ah. Nidaamka asaasiga ah waa mid awood leh, baadiyaha kasta wuxuu ka kooban yahay 20 ballaaran, xitaa digriiga. Qadarka alaabtu waa mid aan muhiim ahayn.
Baradhadu waxay leeyihiin dhalid sare. On carrada saboolka ah, waxay ku saabsan 130 quintals halkii hektar, iyada oo quudin dheeraad ah iyo xaaladaha cimilada wanaagsan, waxay gaari kartaa ilaa 380 quintals.
Jadwalka hoose ee isbarbardhigga macluumaadka ku saabsan soo saarista noocyo kale oo baradho ah:
| Magaca dugsiga | Yield |
| Rabo | 130-380 c / ha |
| Krone | 430-650 c / ha |
| Lilea | ilaa 670 c / ha |
| Haween Maraykan ah | 250-420 c / ha |
| Handsome | 170-280 kg / ha |
| Blue Danube | 350-400 c / ha |
| Ladoshka | ilaa 450 kg / ha |
| Tafsiir | 400-450 c / ha |
| Jelly | ilaa 550 kg / ha |
| Gourmet | 350-400 c / ha |
| Red Fantasy | 260-380 c / ha |
Akhri wax dheeraad ah oo ku saabsan sida loo abuuro baradhada, goorta iyo sida loo dalbado bacrimin, sida loo sameeyo marka la beero.
Digriiga difaac wanaagsan, ha qallajin, abuurka waxaa laga soo ururin karaa beeraha u gaar ah sanadka ilaa sanadka.
Baradhada "Desire" ayaa ku haboon gobollada koonfurta. Wuxuu si degan u dulqaadanayaa xagaaga kulul qalalan, laakiin dhowr waraabin iyo hilling ayaa si weyn u kordhaya wax-soosaarka. Baradhadu waxay u baahan yihiin carrada cagaaran ee nalka dhexdhexaad ah, waxay jecel yihiin macdanta ama maaddooyinka dabiiciga ah.
Waxyaalaha kala duwan ee "Desire" waxay u adkeysanayaan duufaanta dambe ee digriiga, kansarka barafka, fomozu, cudurada viral. Waxaa laga yaabaa inay u nugul yihiin caleemo goos goos ah, caleemo ama caleemo xidid. Dhirta adag waxay ka ilaalisaa digriiga waxyeello farsamo iyo cayayaanka cayayaanka. Tani waa astaamaha baradho "Desire".
Dhadhan baradho leh. Jidhku waa jilicsanaan, jajabin, maaha mid biyo ah, oo leh qoraalo macaan. Iyada oo ku xiran hadhuudh istaagga, digriiga waxaa loo isticmaali karaa mashiinka, karkarinta, dubista, dhajinta. Marka goynta iyo karinta xididdada ma madow, haynta quruxda huruudka ah.
Asalka noocyada kala duwan
Noocyo baradhada "Desire" ayaa caleenta dareenka Holland. Waxaa la keenay diiwaanka Gobolka ee Ruushka ee 1997. Loogu gooyey gobolka Woqooyi-galbeed.
Waxaa lagugula talinayaa beeritaanka meelaha leh jawi diiran.. Baradhadu si degan u dulqaadan karaan kulaylka iyo abaarta muddada gaaban, laakiin waxay u nugul yihiin dhaxan. Waxay jeceshahay ciidda iftiinka cagaaran, dhalidda dhoobo xun ee carrada ayaa si weyn loo yareeyey.
Kala duwan ayaa ku habboon beerista warshadaha, baradhada la goostay waxaa lagu keydiyaa dhawr bilood iyada oo aan luminayn tayada ganacsiga. Large, xitaa digriiga ayaa ku habboon iibka, gaadiidka fog ee masaafada dheer. "Fursad" kala duwan waxay noqon kartaa saldhig wanaagsan oo loogu talagalay shaqada taranta. Digriiga ma dhicin, abuur for beeritaanka xiga waxaa la soo ururin karaa si madax bannaan.
Waxaan kuu soo jeedineynaa waxyaabaha muhiimka ah ee ku saabsan guryaha bogsashada ee baradhada.Akhri faa'iidooyinka iyo waxyeelada baradho ceeriin ah, oo ku saabsan sababta sabiibta iyo casiirka loo cuno, iyo sidoo kale waxa caada ah halis u ah jirka bini'aadamka.
Faa'iidooyinka iyo faa'iido darrada
Ka mid ah faa'iidooyinka ugu muhiimsan ee kala duwan ee "rabitaan":
- tayada dhadhanka sare ee dalagyada xididada;
- universality;
- dhalid wanaagsan;
- dulqaadnimada abaaraha;
- yar yari, digriiga waa muuqaal qurux badan;
- ku habboon diyaarinta suxuunta kala duwan iyo alaabta la dhammeeyey;
- Isku duubnaa oo si fiican loo kaydiyey oo loo qaaday;
- beerashada suurtagalka ah ee tirooyinka warshadaha;
- caabbinta cuduro badan.
Akhri wax dheeraad ah oo ku saabsan wakhtiga iyo heerkulka kaydinta baradho, oo ku saabsan dhibaatooyinka suurtagalka ah. Iyo sidoo kale ku saabsan sida loo keydiyo xididada jiilaalka, jimicsiga iyo balakoonka, qaboojiyaha iyo diirran.
Waxaa jira faa'iido daro kala duwan. Kuwaas waxaa ka mid ah:
- u nugulaanta qolofka, fomoz iyo dabaylo goor dambe;
- digriiga uma dulqaadan karo dhaxan ama qoyaan badan;
- xoqan culus ayaa adkeynaya in la gooyo khudaarta cagaaran.
Noocyada sii kordhaya
Agrotechnics kala duwanaanshahan waa mid sahlan. Digriiga waa la beeray marka ciidda si buuxda loo diiriyo, dhaxan guga ayaa burburin kara dhirta. Ka hor inta beerto, abuurku waxaa lagu daaweeyaa daawooyinka jeermiska dila iyo kiciyaasha kobaca. Nadiifinta waa lagama maarmaan, sida digriiga ay saameyn karto cudurada fangas.
Diiditaanka waxaa lagu fuliyaa nidaamka caadiga ah. Masaafada u dhexeysa duurka waa 35 cm, kala-goyska 75 cm. Waxaa lagu talinayaa in lagu rido humus ama qoryaha qoryaha ceelasha marka la beerto. Waxa suurtagal ah in la isticmaalo dhismooyinka macdanta leh ku darista HOL ama amooniyam, amarro-dheere, potassium sulfate. Inta lagu jiro xilliga beerto waxaad u baahan tahay inaad ku kaydiso ugu yaraan 2 jeer, waxaa lagu talinayaa biyo keliya. Si loo xakameeyo cawska, waxaa loo isticmaali karaa isku xig xiga.
Waxaa fiican inaad ku qodo digriiga dhamaadka xilli sii kordhaya, 2-3 maalmood ka hor goosashada, waxaa lagu talinayaa in laga gooyo dhammaan dushooda.
Baradhadu si wanaagsan ayaa loo qalajiyey kahor intaan la kaydin. Digriiga ay saameeyeen qashin, waxa fiican in la doorto oo aan la dhigin Maqsin. Waxyaalaha abuurka ayaa laga soo ururiyaa duurka ugu sareeya iyo dhirta xooggan, waa in si gooni ah loo kaydiyaa. Wixii beeritaanka waxaa loo isticmaali karaa baradhada oo dhan, iyo qeybo indhaha.
Waxaa jira siyaabo badan oo lagu baraarujiyo baradhada. Waxaan kuu diyaarinay macluumaad badan oo xiiso leh mawduucan.Akhri dhammaan farsamada casrigan ee casriga ah, beerista noocyada hore iyo goosashada iyada oo aan la jarin iyo hilling.
Baro siyaabo aan caadi ahayn si ay u koraan dalagyada xididada cawska, foostada, bacaha, sanduuqyada.
Cudurada iyo cayayaanka
Verticillosis
Akhri sidoo kale ku saabsan Alternaria, fusarium, verticilliasis baradho.
Si looga hortago waxaa lagu talinayaa in si taxadir leh loo doorto baradhada abuurka. Beeraha loo beeray si joogto ah ayaa loo bedelaa, halka inta soo hartayna lagu beeray dabayl saliid leh, phacelia ama geedo cagaaran.
Ka hor inta aan la bilaabin xilliga xagaaga, beeraha waxaa lagu daaweeyaa herbicides. Inta lagu jiro faafa ee dabaylo goor dambe lagu talinayo in lagu buufiyo daawooyinka bakteeriyada-ka kooban.
Maqnaanshaha ayaa inta badan saameeya cayayaanka: Lamaanadaha Colorado iyo dirxiga, wireworms, dhirta iyo aboorka baradhada.
Si looga hortago baadiyaha waxaa lagu daaweeyaa sunta cayayaanka, waxay si gaar ah waxtar ugu leeyihiin dirxiga.
Akhriso wax badan oo ku saabsan sida loo xakameeyo cayayaanka ee maqaallada goobta.:
- Sidee looga takhalusaa wireworm ee beerta.
- Waa maxay kiimikooyinka iyo daaweynta dadku ay ku habboon yihiin dagaalka ka dhanka ah baradho baradho ah oo Colorado ah:
- Prestige.
- Corado.
- Regent
- Aktara
- Waxa la isticmaalo Medvedka: dawooyinka dadweynaha iyo kiimikada warshadaha.
- Maxaa ka caawin doona aboorka baradho, habka ugu fiican: qaybta 1 iyo qaybta 2.
Baradhada la goostay si fiican ayaa loo qalajiyey lana kala soocay ka hor kaydinta. Waxay faa'iido u leedahay inay si joogto ah u bedesho goobaha soo degaya. Inta lagu jiro xilliga nasashada, beeraha waxaa lagu beeray dabocase saytuun ah ama phacelia, taas oo jeermiska iyo bacriminta ciidda. Baradhadu waxaa lagu beeray beeraha cawska, digirta ama kaabajka.
Heerka "Desire" wuxuu ku habboon yahay sawirrada shakhsi ahaaneed iyo beerista warshadaha. Iyada oo daryeel ku habboon, digriiga waxaa laga helaa ballaaran, caafimaad leh, dhadhan fiican leh, iyo dhaliddu waxay jecel yihiin inuu bannaanka u soo jeeda.
Waxaan sidoo kale bixinaynaa si aad u barato noocyo kale oo baradho ah oo leh shuruudo kala duwan:
| Xilliga dhexe | Gaar ahaan hore | Taageero |
| Sonny | Jacayl | Beeraha |
| Crane | Rabbi ee isdhaafka | Meteor |
| Rogneda | Ramos | Juvel |
| Granada | Taisiya | Minerva |
| Magician | Rodrigo | Kiranda |
| Lasock | Red Fantasy | Veneta |
| Zhuravinka | Jelly | Zhukovsky hore | Blueness | Tafsiir | Riviera |
