Sharaxaad kala duwan ee baradho "Vektor", oo loo aqoonsan yahay in ay ku guuleysteen shaqada ee jinsiyadaha Ruushka

Mid ka mid ah waxyaabaha ugu muhiimsan ee saameynaya wax soo saarka miraha baradho wanaagsan ayaa ah maadada beerto si sax ah loo doortay. Mid ka mid ah noocyada cusub ee balanqaadka ah ee baradho waa noocyo kala duwan "Vektor".

Maqaalkani, waxaan eegaynaa noocyada kala duwan ee baradhada "Vektor" dhammaan dhinacyada - sifooyinka, muuqaalka, dhalidda iyo sifooyinka koritaanka.

Baradhada "Vektor": sharaxaadda noocyada kala duwan

Xididooyinka yar yar ee qumman. Leaves waa yar yar, dhexdhexaad ah, cagaaran madow. Ubax waa guduud, oo waa weyn. Digriiga foomka oval-ka ah ee wareegsan, cabbirka celceliska, ballaaran ee baradho ayaa dhigaya 92-143 g. Dalagyada dalaggu waxay leeyihiin diif badan oo ah midab cas oo leh indho yar. Saxarka waa cufan, casiir leh, midab huruud ah.

Taariikhda soo saarista

Noocyada waxaa soo saaray khabiiro takhasus u leh Machadka Cilmi-baarista ee Ruushka All-Russian Research of Potato Farmaajo. A.G. Lorch oo ay weheliyaan asxaab ka socda Machadka Cilmi-baarista Dhammaan Ruushka ee Fitopathology ee Aqoonta Cilmiga Beeraha ee Ruushka isagoo soo gudbaya noocyada kala duwan ee 1977-76 iyo Zarevo.

Sawir

Sawiradaan waxay muujinayaan kala duwanaanta baradhada "Wareega":

Astaamaha

Sida laga soo xigtay diiwaangelinta, "Vektor" waxaa lagu soo jeediyay beerista on sod-podzolic iyo peat-bog bogga gobolka Central ah ee Russia.

Kala duwanaanshuhu wuxuu tilmaamayaa bartamihii xilli-ciyaareedka, tan iyo markii laga beerto ka hor inta aan la samaynin digriiga badeecada uu qaato 80-100 maalmood. Wixii ah Bisaylkiisa buuxa ee dalagyada xididka, wadarta heerkulada firfircoon ee mudada gaaban ee horumarinta dhirta waa in ay ahaataa 1400-1600 ° S, xaddiga roobabku waa inay ahaadaan ugu yaraan 300 mm (inta badan inta lagu guda jiro muddada tuber formation).

Isugeynta celceliska baradho waa 46 t / ha, oo leh xaaladaha cimilada ugu fiican, natiijadu waxay gaartay 70 t / ha.

Waxaad isbarbar dhigi kartaa dhalidda Giant leh noocyo kale oo ku salaysan xogta miiska:

Suuq-geynta wax-soo-saarku waa 90-98%, inta qashinka lagu kaydinayo xilliga qaboobaha kama badna 5%.

Jadwalkan hoose waxaad ka heli doontaa tilmaamayaasha astaamaha ugu muhiimsan ee noocyada kale ee baradhada marka la barbardhigo Giant:

Akhri wax dheeraad ah oo ku saabsan kaydinta baradho: waqtiga iyo heerkulka, dhibaatooyinka suurtagalka ah.

Iyo sidoo kale sida si habboon u kaydiso dukaanka khudradda, xaaladaha guri dabaq ah iyo maqaasiinka, balakoonka iyo fiilooyinka, qaboojiyaha iyo nadiifinta.

Macluumaadka istaarijin ee digriiga waa 17-19%. Tayada sifaha ee dalagyada xidid waa fiican yihiin, marka la miirayo digriiga ma madow, sida ku cad noocyada culeyska waxay ka tirsan yihiin kooxda B (celceliska dheefshiidka). Kala duwanaanshuhu waa ku habboon yahay wax soo saarka warshadaha - wax soo saarka.

Botva iyo digriiga "Vektor" adkaysi u leh dabaysha goor dambe, caabuqyada fayraska, Alternaria, qolof, kansar keena. Kala duwanaantu maaha mid aad u nuglaan karta miraayad la isku qurxiyo iyo lakabyo, caleen caleen. Inta badan ugu nugul guuldarada nematode dahabka ah ee dahabka barafka.

Noocyada sii kordhaya

Beerta lagu beeray tobanka sano ee hore ee May.

Caleemaha ugu horreeya waxaa lagula talinayaa inay si buuxda u daboolaan (gacanta ama isticmaalaan fargeeto) si looga fogaado dhaawac xagga caleenta caleen inta lagu jiro xilliga soo noqosho ee dhaxanta guga. Laakiin xitaa haddii aadan qabin dhacdooyinkan, miraha dalaggu ma dhicin wax khasaare ah oo gaar ah.

Inta lagu jiro xilliga sii kordhaya ayaa loo baahan yahay laba faashad xidid Bacriminta macdanta. Akhri wax dheeraad ah oo ku saabsan waxa Bacriminta ay yihiin kuwa ugu fiican, waxa runtii kharashka ku baxaya dhirta, goorta iyo sida loo isticmaalo, sida loo sameeyo marka la beerto.

"Vektor" waa abaar u adkaysi leh, waraabin dheeri ah (marka laga reebo roobab) uma baahna. Mulching waa gargaar aad u fiican ee xakamaynta cawska.

Cudurada iyo cayayaanka

Dagaalka ka dhanka ah cudurku wuxuu hoos u dhacaa inta badan si looga hortago nematode dahab ah. Amarka ka hortagga ee kharashka guga iyo dayrta daaweynta ciidda lime iyo diyaar garo gaar ah. Waxyaabinta Beerta si taxadar leh ayaa loo soo qaadaa oo uga saari jiray digriiga waxyeelloobay. Muddada u dhexeysa beerto baradho hal meel waa inay ahaataa ugu yaraan hal sano.

Akhri wax dheeraad ah oo ku saabsan cudurrada ugu caansan iyo cayayaanka waaweyn ee nightshade: fusarium, dillaac, verticillis. Sidoo kale walxaha Colorado, aboorka baradho, medvedki, wireworm.

Faa'iidooyinka ugu muhiimsan ee "Wareega" - dhalidda wanaagsan, iska caabinta abaarta, dhadhanka sare - U ogolow noocyada noocaas ah in si ballaaran loo qaybiyo beeraleyda, ganacsatada iyo beerta-ujeedada.

Sidoo kale aan kuu soo bandhigo habab kale oo baradhada sii kordhaya: tiknoolajiyada Dutch, iyada oo aan jarjar iyo hilling, cows, bacaha, foosto, sanduuqyada. Intaa waxaa dheer, akhri maqaalada ku saabsan sida loo koro noocyo hore, kuwaas oo dalalka ay yihiin hoggaamiyeyaasha baradho sii kordhaya, iyo khatarta ah ee solanine.

Hoos waxaa ku qoran mowduucyada ku saabsan maadooyinka baradho leh shuruudaha kala duwan: