Daikon, oo ah qaraabada ugu dhow ee dabocase iyo dabocase, waxay leedahay sifooyin khaas ah dhaqaalaha iyo bayoolojiga oo saameeya hirgelinta tallaabooyinka agrotechnical ee beerashada.
Maxay yihiin noocyada iyo Beelaha iyo sida loo abuuro dalagga xidid leh abuur, waxaan u sheegi doonaa dambe ee article. Waxa kale oo aanu kuu sheegi doonnaa santuuqyada beeralayda wajahaya koritaanka iyo daryeelidda khudraddaas.
Noocyada sii kordhaya
Waxyaabaha ugu badan ee loo yaqaan 'daikon' ayaa lagu sameeyaa xayawaanka cagaaran oo leh dhul hoose oo qoto dheer. Goosashada wanaagsan waxay u baahan tahay dayrta qoto dheer iyo qalabka guga. On carrada loamy culus, waxaad ka heli kartaa dalagyada tayo sare leh tayo sare leh, haddii aad dhirta noocyo leh xididdada liita hooseeyo on cabsida - aan ka badnayn kala bar dhererka.
Inta lagu jiro xilliga sii kordhaya waxay ku qaataan 5-6 waraabiyo.. Heerka waraabka 10 m² waa 350 litir oo biyo ah. Ka hor inta beerto, miraha waxaa lagu qoyay xal of kiriimiga ah - 0.2 g halkii 1 litir oo biyo ah. Marka qoyaanka hawadu ka yar tahay 60%, horumarinta dalagyada xididka ayaa dib u dhacaya - abuurista walxaha qoryaha iyo raasamaalka qadhaadh ayaa la kordhiyaa.
U raacsanaanta dhaqamada kale
Daikon waa la kobcin karaa dhaqanka ka dib, marka laga reebo wakiilada qoyska Cabbage, oo uu qabo cudurada caadiga ah iyo cayayaanka. Kuwa ugu soo horjeeda:
- baradhada;
- yaanyo;
- qajaar;
- celery;
- Salad;
- bocorka.
Daikon waxaa lagu dari karaa dhaqamada kale. iyo ku koraan beeritaanka farsamada. Saameynta xun ee daikon ee ku saabsan dhalidda dalagyada kale laguma arag. On dhaadhac ah ee cawska dheer (35-40 cm) beero:
- dill;
- dhir;
- bagalka.
In dib-u-dhaqanka, daikon waa la beeray ka dib goosashada:
- badarka;
- khudaarta hore;
- baradhada
Taariikhda la beerto
Daikon ayaa ku beeray dhul furan tobanka sano ee tobnaad ee Maajo, tobankii sano ee ugu dambeeyey ee Juun, tobankii sano iyo tobnaad ee bisha Luulyo. Cawska gudaha waxaa lagu beeray tobankii sano ee ugu dambeeyay Febraayo.
Noocyo iyo Beelaha
In geedi socodka ah ee taranta, in ka badan 700 noocyo iyo Beelaha ayaa la abuuray, kala duwan ee precocity, qaabka iyo size ee miro, dhererka ciidda. Wixii ka mid ah Russia dhexe, noocyo loogu talagalay lagu koriyo oo lagu taliyey - Sasha, for dhul furan:
- Dubinushka;
- Dragon;
- Kaysar
- Jecel;
- Minovasi;
- Joornaalka Moscow.
Shaxda Calaamadaha noocyo iyo Beelaha Daikon
Kala sooc | Miisaanka miisaanka (kg) | Foomka |
Bisaylkiisa hore - xilliga dhirta 30-60 maalmood | ||
Sasha | 0,1-0,4 | Wareega, wareegga oval |
Rinoceros | 0,3-0,4 | Conic |
Vakula | 0,4-0,8 | Sylindrical |
Barchonok | 0,4 | Wareegay |
Pink Misato Shine | 0,5-0,9 | Wareeg ama faahfaahin ku wareegsan |
Sredneranny xilliga daaqsinka illaa 60 illaa 70 maalmood: | ||
Mino Same Cross Fo | 0,4-0,5 | Conic |
Kaysar | 0,6-1,0 | Sylindrical |
Dayax gacmeedka dayrta | 0,3-0,42 | Eliped eliptic |
Diamond | 0,23 | Wareegay |
Dubinushka | 0,6-2,0 | Sylindrical |
Fadlan | 0,5-0,6 | Conic |
Xilliga bartamaha - 70-85 maalmood | ||
Emperor F. | 0,5-0,6 | Icicle |
Feejignaan Feer | 0,3-0,6 | Dharbaaxo dhaadheer |
Masduulaagii | 0,9-1 | Sylindrical |
Joornaalka Moscow | 1,0-1,5 | Sylindrical |
Celceliska 86-90 | ||
Minovas PC | 1,0-1,5 | Sylindrical |
Noocyada Bisaylkiisa hore, sida Sasha, Barchonok, Rinoceros, waxaa lagu beeray laba marxaladood - bishii Abriil ee lagu koriyo, oo ah dhul furan tobanka tobnaad ee bisha Luulyo. Inta badan u adkaysta tsvetushnosti Minovashi iyo Sasha.
Shinnida Daikon waxaa laga iibsan karaa dukaamo khaas ah ama dalbashada dukaamada internetka. Qiimaha 1 g ee miraha ee Moscow iyo St. Petersburg - kuna xiran kala duwanaanta iyo tirada - laga bilaabo 16 rubuc halkii 1 g oo ah 1 g oo miraha ka kooban 90 illaa 140 gogo.
Sidee loo abuuraa abuur rooti?
In Europe, dabocase Japanese waxaa inta badan ku koray dhulka u furan. Si aad u dardargeliso Bisaylkiisa, waxaad isticmaali kartaa filim ama dhulka xiran.
Tallaabo tallaabo tallaabo ah oo ku saabsan sidii loo abuuri lahaa abuurka dhul furan:
- Dooro meel laga ilaaliyo dabaysha si fiicanna iftiiminaya qorraxda.
- Ka dib markii la qodo iyo qallajinta, waxay sameeyaan waraabka duufaanka - waxay yareeyaan jeexjeexyada waraabka iyo u daa biyo socodka. Caleemaha haramaha, oo u muuqday ka dib markii waraabiyo, baabi'iyo qulqulin aan daldaloolin.
- Per 1 m², 500 g oo ah superphosphate iyo 250 g oo ah cusbo potassium ah ayaa lagu dalbadaa dayrta dayrta, 300 g oo amooniyam ah ka hor inta beeridda iyo sida dharka. Bacriminta dabiiciga ah ee lagu dhaqmo dhaqanka hore.
- Goobta furan, miraha waxaa lagu aasaa qoto dheer: 1-2 cm on carrada macdanta, 2-3 cm bogagga peat. In qeybtii labaad ee July, miraha lagu beeray si ay u soo saaraan goosashada dayrta.
- Si looga hortago dhirta ka soo baxa midba midka kale, waxaa la isticmaalaa 30 × 20 cm oo ah beeritaanka beeraha, afar saf oo ah daikon waxaa lagu dhajiyaa 1.8 cm ballaaran ballaaran oo leh cufnaanta 10-11 dhirta halkii 1 m². On godad ah 1.2 m ballaaran, waxaa lagu beeray laba saf, oo ay kala soocaan 60-70 cm midba midka kale Meelaha dhirta u dhexeeya dhirta waa 20-25 cm.
- Seeds lagu beeray habka taranta - 2-3 per well.
- Ka dib markii beero, carrada waa mid is dulfuulan oo mulched leh peat ama balka kula lakabka of illaa 1.5 cm Calaamaduhu waxay u muuqdaan 4-7 maalmood.
- Wajiga 1-2aad ee kuwan ka baxaya dhirta ugu xooggan ayaa la tagayaa, intiisa kale waxaa la saaraa ama lagu beddelaa meesha ay u dhinteen. Isla mar ahaantaana, samee quudinta kowaad, labaad labaad 2 toddobaad kadib.
- Xilliga xagaaga, weedka iyo kabtiisa ciidda 2-3 jeer inta u dhaxaysa safarka: marka hore si qoto dheer ah 14 cm, ka dibna, si aan u waxyeeleynin midhaha, si qoto dheer oo yar.
- Laga bilaabo xilliga khafiifinta, waxaa lagu quudin karaa dabiiciga ama maadooyinka. Gogolka ugu horeeya ka dib khafiifinta waa faleebo mullein ah, oo la badhxay 1:10, iyada oo lagu darayo 15 g of HOL halkii 10 l oo xal. Quudinta labaad ee bilowga ah ee formation of digada - digaag digaag 1:15 leh soo saarista superphosphate (15 g halkii 10 l oo xal). Dusha sarreeya leh Bacriminta macdanta culus ayaa waxtarka leh.
Qodobada soo degitaanka dhulka la ilaaliyo:
- Waqtiga beerashada dhulka ku xiran:
- Muddada 1-aad iyo tobnaad ee bisha Janaayo;
- Muddada 2-aad - tobankii sano ee ugu dambeeyay Febraayo;
- Muddada 3-aad iyo tobnaad ee bisha 3aad.
Waxaa ugu wanaagsan - muddada saddexaad ee beeridda.
- Beeridda beereedka waxaa lagu sameeyaa gacanta 2-3 kiilood ee ceel kasta. Qorshaha beerista - 45 × 25 cm.
- Caleemaha qashinka ah, isla mar ahaantaana khafiifiya dhirta, taasoo ka dhigaysa midka ugu horumarsan.
- Xakamee heerkulka: muddada biqilka - 12-15 ºC, sameynta uurjiifka - 15-18 ºC. Qoyaanka qoyaanka ee hawada ee lagu koriyo waa 60-65%.
- Inta lagu jiro abuurista dalagyada xididada, waxaa si joogto ah loo waraabiyaa biyo diirran t 20-25 ºC.
- Marka la gaaro 85% dhirta farsamo ee farsamada, miraha bukaanka ah ama waxyeelo ayaa la saaraa.
Noocyada sii koraya guriga:
- Xilliga dayrta, qoyaan qoto dheer oo qoto dheer ah ayaa la fuliyaa - ugu yaraan 30 cm Ka hor inta bilawga xilliga qaboobaha, ciidda si qoto dheer loo furo. Daaweynta waxaa lagu sameeyaa gacanta ama adoo isticmaalaya kareemaha Mole, kaas oo ku daaweynaya ciidda si qoto dheer ah 35 cm.
- Tan iyo dayrta, ciidda waxaa ka buuxsamay Bacriminta dabiiciga ah - 5-10 kg halkii 1 m². Ka hor intaan la beeri, samee nitrophore 1 m² 50 g ama dhalo qoryo qoryo ah.
- Xaaladaha dhulka Black Earth, sariiraha waxaa la sameeyey 35-40 cm sare.
- Meelaha waaweyn, miraha waxaa lagu daboolay carrada iyadoo la isticmaalayo cutter wadaag ah, waxoogaa tamped ah iyo waraabiyo.
- In kasta oo xaqiiqda ah in dushooda ay u adkeysan karaan dhibco heerkul ah ilaa 4 ºC, beeritaanka rajada ah ee barafku waa in lagu daboolaa wax aan la taaban karin ama filim.
- Root khudradda la nadiifiyo fargeeto ama gacmahooda la soo jiiday.
Waa muhiim: Noocyada Sasha, Dubinushka, Minovashi, Pink Shine Misato ayaa siinaya wax-soo-saarka wanaagsan ee lagu koriyo.
Marka lagu daro beeritaanka tooska ah ee miraha, habka seedling ayaa loo isticmaalaa: qaybta 1aad ee Maarso, noocyada abuurka leh wareegsan ama dalagyada xididada cylindrical waxaa lagu beeray weelasha aan ka yarayn 10 cm qoto dheer. Marka la gaaro wajiga of 3-4 caleemo dhab ah, geedo waxaa la dillaacsan leh clod ah ee dhulka si joogto ah.
Miisaanka cuntada ee khudradda
- Si loo ilaaliyo miraha ka soo baxa boodhka jilicsan, geedo waxaa lagu warshadeeyaa 3-4 jeer qashinka ama tubaakada tubaakada leh 4-5 maalmood ama lagu daboolo qalabka aan la taaban karin.
- Ciidda daikon waa in si qotodheer looga shaqeeyaa - haddii kale, caqabad kasta oo koritaanka xididka ayaa noqda sababta curvature ee midhaha.
- Bacriminta dabiiciga ah ayaa si dhakhso ah loo codsadey ka hor inta aan la beeri Karin soo bandhigida alaabta - miraha cureg loo sameeyay.
- Marka badhkeed ee maalintii in ka badan 15 saacadood ee daikon dib u dhigay formation of xididka.
- Iyadoo la beero hore, marka maalin dheer oo lagu daray isku celceliska cimilada celceliska cimilada, tsvetushnosti ka yar marka lagu beeray June.
- Daikon waa la beeray karaa aan ka hor 4-5 sano.
Jahwareerka iyo jilicsanaanta daikon ayaa u baahan in si taxaddar leh wax looga qabto. Haddii ciidda si buuxda oo si qoto dheer loo daaweeyo, qalabka wax lagu nadiifiyo ama qalabka wax u dhimaya looma baahna nadiifinta. Dhamaadka July, markii goobta laga sii daayo dalagyada beerta, waxaad dhali kartaa abuurka daikon ee sariiraha madhan iyo helitaanka dalag hodan ah bisha Sebtembar.