Bataatada Margarita waa natiijada xulashada Holland, noocyo kala duwan ayaa laga diiwaangeliyey Ruushka dhowaan, ma aha mid aad u caan ah ee beerta Ruush, si kastaba ha ahaatee, waxaa muhiim u ah badi dalagyada la goostay iyo dhadhan wanaagsan.
Maqaalkani waxaan kuu sheegi doonaa si faahfaahsan oo ku saabsan bataatada Margarita. Halkan waxaad ka heli doontaa sharaxaad ka duwan noocyada kala duwan iyo astaamihiisa, si aad u ogaato waxyaabaha gaarka ah ee beerashada, wax ka bartaan sifooyinka cudurada.
Sharaxaad kala duwan
| Magaca dugsiga | Margarita |
| Sifooyinka guud | miiska dhexda dhexda kala duwan ee kala duwan ee barafka Dutch leh digriiga of qaabka oval saxda ah |
| Wakhtiga uurka | 80-100 maalmood |
| Mawduucyada Starching | 14-16,5% |
| Dad badan oo digriiga ganacsiga ah | 90-150 g |
| Tirada digriiga duurka | 7-12 |
| Yield | 300-400 sanadood / ha |
| Tayada macaamilka | dhadhan fiican, ku habboon cunto karinta wax kasta oo suxuun leh |
| Soo kabashada | 96% |
| Midabka maqaarka | casaanka |
| Midab daruuf | kareemka |
| Gobollada la doorbido | Bartamaha |
| Cadaadiska cudurada | aad u adkaysi u ah qolof, jibbada baradho, miro-yar, nematodes |
| Noocyada sii kordhaya | tiknoolojiyada beeraha |
| Asalka | AgroPlant (Netherlands) |
Baradhada "Margarita" waa noocyo dhexdhexaad ah oo dhexdhexaad ah, mudada horumarinta muuqaalka caleemaha ugu muhiimsan ee boodhka farsamada waa 80 ilaa 100 maalmood. Waxaad cuni kartaa baradho cusub oo ku habboon boodhka shuruudda lehmarka dalagyada xididku u koraan cabbirka caadiga ah, maqaarka waa dhuuban yahay, oo gadaal ka goosan.
Muuqaal
Foomka - Oval sax ah. Cabbirada - qiyaastii 8 sm dhererka, miisaanka - laga bilaabo 90 g ilaa 150 g. Diirka waa siman, cufan, casaan madow, casaan.
Indhaha yaryari waxay leeyihiin qoto dheer oo qulqulaya, maqaarkoodu yar yahay. Jidhku waa mid huruud ah (kareem) oo midabkiisu le'eg yahay, qaddarka qallalan ayaa kordhay - ilaa 19%. Qodobka xawaaraha - ilaa 16.5% - qiyaasta celceliska.
Nooca Bush ee Bush, dhirbaaxo, dheer. "Margarita" waxaa lagu kala soocaa ilaalinta baadiyaha cagaaran ee u adkaysata marka ay bislaadaan, sida caadiga ah baadiyaha waxay noqdaan huruud iyo dhacaan bilawgii Bisaylkiisa. Caleemaha waa la xiray, qaabkuna waa baradho caadi ah, midabkuna waa cagaar madow, baaxadda waynu waa weyn yahay, dhismuhu waa la jeexan yahay, ma jirto qaansiir la'aan, dardar-celinta margin waa daciif ah, waxay ku koraan wakhtiyada.
Waa wax badan oo ubax ah, nimbus oo mugdi ah - casaan ah ama iftiin - midabka casriga ah ee cabbirka weyn.
Aagagga cimilada ee beerashada
Kala duwan ayaa si wanaagsan u kora dalalka wadamada yurub, ee ku yaala qeybta Ruushka ee ku guuleysatay aagagga sii kordhaya - Degmada Bartamaha. Waxay si fiican u koraan on carradu iftiin, guud ahaan, uma baahnid nooca gaarka ah ee ciidda.
Astaamaha
Yield
Margarita waxay leedahay dalag badan oo xasilloon, iyadoo aan loo eegin xaaladaha cimilada wanaagsan. ee gobollada Bartamaha - celcelis ahaan illaa 308 c hektar hektar, kaas oo la kulmay ama ka badan heerarka. Heerka ugu sareeya - 400 c halkii 1 ha.
Jadwalka hoose waxaad ku arki doontaa dabeecadahan noocyo kala duwan oo lagu soo bandhigay boggeena:
| Magaca dugsiga | Yield |
| Margarita | ilaa 400 kg / ha |
| Santa | ilaa 570 c / ha |
| Tuleyevsky | 400-500 c / ha |
| Gingerbread Man | 450-600 doolar / ha |
| Ilinsky | 180-350 c / ha |
| Cornflower | 200-480 c / ha |
| Laura | 330-510 c / ha |
| Irbit | ilaa 500 kg / ha |
| Blue-eyed | ilaa 500 kg / ha |
| Adretta | ilaa 450 kg / ha |
| Alvar | 295-440 c / ha |
Suuqgeynta suuqyadu waa qiyaastii 98%. Mid ka mid ah dhirta waxay soo saartaa digriir badan oo waaweyn, ma jiraan dalagyo xidid yar. Sida laga soo xigtay dib u eegista ee bannaanka - abuur ah yihiin digriiga ka soo 100 g, ka yar ma aha. Sida ay sheegeen bannaanka qaar ka mid ah 5 duurka u ururin karaan ilaa 120 kg ee baradho ah.
Isticmaalka
Baradhadu waxay ku jiraan walxo badan oo faa'iido leh, labadaba ha ahaadeen kuwa ceyriinka ah iyo ka dib.
"Margarita" waxay leedahay ujeedo guud, badanaa - loo isticmaalo cuntada. Digriiga ma karkariyo jilicsan sababta oo ah contentkoodu yar yahay, waxay ku haboon yihiin baradhada french, saliid, karinta saladhka.
Dhadhami
Kala duwanaanshaha baradhada "Margarita" waxay leedahay dabeecado dhadhan fiican. Barandhada karkariga ee maqaarkooda waxay ka caawisaa inay ilaaliso dhammaan nafaqooyinka, iyo daadinta dhuxusha ama foornada ee maqaarkooda waxay ilaalin doonaan fitamiinada.
Dadka qaba sonkorowga, waxaad u baahan tahay inaad isticmaasho baradhada si aan caadi ahayn oo u qoyso 24 saacadood ka hor inta aanad wax cunin, sidaa daraadeed nuunkuna wuu tagayaa. Xaaladaha kale, baradhada cagaaran ayaa isla markiiba lagu daboolay kuleylka daaweynta, biyaha ayaa nadiifiya qadarka qaar ka mid ah qaybaha waxtarka leh.
Sidoo kale akhri daawooyinka iyo guryaha kale ee baradhada.Waa maxay khatarta ah ee solanine, faa'iidooyinka iyo waxyeelada baradho ceeriin ah, sababta ay u cunaan sprouts iyo cabitaanka casiir, tayada waxtarka leh ee baradhada macaan - baradhada macaan.
Awoodda iyo tabar darrada
Dhibaatooyinka ayaa xusay iska caabida saboolka ah ee digriiga dabaysha goor dambe.
Waa muhiim! Digriiga ku ururiya infakshanka fayraska, dalagyada xididka waa in si taxadar leh loo soo doorto beeritaanka!
Faa'iidooyinka waa sida soo socota.:
- beergooyska;
- miro waaweyn, bandhigidooda;
- universality of isticmaalka;
- tayada dhadhanka sare;
- caabbinta abaarta;
- horumarinta degdegga ah ee digriiga iyo dormancy dheer;
- kaydinta wakhti dheer;
- caabbinta cudurada badankood;
- iska caabin aad u sareeya ee waxyeellada farsamada.
Jadwalka hoose waxaad ka heli doontaa tirooyinka ilaalinta ee isbarbardhigaya baradhada baradhada leh noocyo kale:
| Magaca dugsiga | Xoqinimo |
| Baaskiil | 97% |
| Zekura | 98% |
| Kubanka | 95% |
| Burly | 97% |
| Felox | 90% |
| Guul | 96% |
| Agatha | 93% |
| Natasha | 93% |
| Gabadh gabar ah | 92% |
| Uladar | 94% |
Sawir
Waxaad ku baran kartaa noocyada kala duwan ee baradhada "Margarita" ee sawirka hoose:
Dalalka taranta, sanadka diiwaangelinta
Kala duwanaansho ayaa loo baddaley natiijada ka dhalatay kala-duwanaanta Saga iyo Asonia oo ay ku sameeyaan xoolaha Dutch. Keliya sannadka 2015 waxaa lagu daraa Diiwaanka Gobolka ee Ruushka ee Gobolka Central.
Noocyada sii kordhaya
Mulching
Ciidda waa in la qodaa oo laga soo doortaa haramaha xilliga dayrta, ka dibna nitrogen iyo Bacriminta potash waa in la dabaqaa. Akhri wax dheeraad ah oo ku saabsan sida loo abuuro baradhada, goorta iyo sida loo dalbado bacrimin, sida loo sameeyo marka la beero.
Beeraha guga qodo. Bishii Abriil - May ayaa billaaban doona. Heerkulka ciidda qoto dheer ee 10 cm waa inuu ahaadaa ugu yaraan 13 digrii, ma jiraan wax qoyaan ah. Baradhada abuurka waxay u baahan tahay in la diyaariyo beeritaanka - u keen si iftiinka qorraxda for greening, tani waxay hubin doontaa horumarka wanaagsan ee dalagyada xididka.
Masaafada u dhexeysa dhirta waa in aysan ka yarayn 20 cm, waayo Margarita, masaafo wanaagsan oo ku dhow 35 cm, baradho qoto dheer oo qiyaastii 10 cm. Waxaa fiican in lagu daro dambaska dhirta iyo bacriminta dheeraadka ah ee jeexjeexyada ama jeexjeexyada.
Margarita waxay u baahan tahay taxaddar maalmaha ugu horeeya ee soo degitaanka - dhirta lagama maarmaanka ah, loosening, hilling, waraabinta. Si loo xakameeyo haramaha, waxaad isticmaali kartaa mulching inta u dhaxeysa saf.
Inta lagu jiro xilliga ubax, dharka hoose-xididdadu waa lagama maarmaan, waxaa suurtagal ah in la gooyo ubaxa si horumarinta ugu wanaagsan ee digriiga. Sidoo kale "Margarita" waxay jecel yihiin in lagu buufiyo maadooyin wax ku ool ah.
Waxaa jira siyaabo badan oo lagu baraarujiyo baradhada. Waxaan kuu soo jeedinaynaa inaad ugu xiiso badan tihiin. Akhri dhammaan farsamada casrigan ee casriga ah, beerista noocyada hore iyo goosashada iyada oo aan la jarin iyo hilling.Iyo sidoo kale oo ku saabsan hababka baradho sii kordhaya: ka yar caws, laga bilaabo abuur, foosto, boorsooyinka, sanduuqyada.
Kaydinta
"Margarita" si fiican ayaa loo hayaa illaa guga si adag u adag, oo uusan shiiqi lahayn, ficil ahaan ma taaban karo (uma baahna in la soo qaado caleemaha dheer). Heerkulka kaydinta heerkulku waa qiyaastii 3 digrii oo ka sareysa eber. Kaydinta waa inay ahaato madow, qallalan oo hawo leh.
Akhriso wax dheeraad ah oo ku saabsan waqtiga kaydinta baradho iyo dhibaatooyinka suurtagalka ah. Iyo sidoo kale sida loo keydiyo dalagyada xidid ee guri dabaq, Maqsin, a wareerka khudradda, balakoonka, sanduuqyada, xilliga qaboobaha, qaboojiyaha iyo nadiifiyaa.
Caawin Kala duwanaantu kama cabsanayso heerkulka hooseeya.
Cudurada iyo cayayaanka
Verticillosis
Akhri sidoo kale cudurada barafka sida caadiga ah sida Alternaria, Fusarium, Verticillium.
Si looga hortago cudurrada qaarkood, xididdada abuurka waxaa lagu daaweeyaa walxo gaar ah, iyo badi cayayaanka (Baradhada Baradhada Baradhada iyo barxadaheeda, aphids, dhajinta dharka, barafka, aboorka baradhada, wireworm) ayaa lagu buufin karaa shuban waxaana loo isticmaalaa faleemaha.
Cabbiraadda dhirta ayaa ka caawisa jaridda dhirta iyo qodidda hore ee dhulka. In dagaalka ka dhanka ah Colorado baradho baradho, waxaad isticmaali kartaa hababka caadiga ah iyo diyaarinta kiimikada:
- Aktara
- Regent
- Prestige.
- Corado.
Ma abuuri kartid baradhada xiga ee yaanyada - suurtagalnimada caabuqu wuxuu noqon doonaa mid sare - waxay leeyihiin cuduro caadi ah iyo cayayaanka.
"Margarita" waxay si fiican u qaadan kartaa qayb ka mid ah naqshadda beeraha, waxay bixin doontaa goosashada wanaagsan ee dalagyada xididada dhirta oo dhadhan fiican leh. Sidoo kale akhri sida loo jaro beeritaanka baradhada ganacsiga.
Waxaan sidoo kale bixinaynaa si aad u barato noocyo kale oo baradho ah oo leh shuruudo kala duwan:
| Xilliga dhexe | Gaar ahaan hore | Taageero |
| Sonny | Jacayl | Beeraha |
| Crane | Rabbi ee isdhaafka | Meteor |
| Rogneda | Ramos | Juvel |
| Granada | Taisiya | Minerva |
| Magician | Rodrigo | Kiranda |
| Lasock | Red Fantasy | Veneta |
| Zhuravinka | Jelly | Zhukovsky hore | Blueness | Tafsiir | Riviera |
